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Foreign Gun Control and Foreign History
Click here for main page on Second Amendment
Subtopics: World. United Nations. Africa. Ancient Greece and Rome. Australia. Canada. Eastern Europe. Germany. Great Britain. Hungary. Israel. Italy. Jamaica. Japan. Mexico. New Zealand. Poland. Switzerland.
"Is There a Relationship between Guns and Freedom? Comparative Results from 59 Nations." Working Paper. With Howard Nemerov. There are 59 nations for which data about per capita gun ownership are available. This Working Paper examines the relationship between gun density and several measures of freedom and prosperity: the Freedom House ratings of political rights and civil liberty, the Transparency International Perceived Corruption Index, the World Bank Purchasing Power Parity ratings, and the Heritage Foundation Index of Economic Freedom. The data suggest that the relationships between gun ownership rates and these other measures are complex. The data show that (although exceptions can be found) the nations with the highest rates of gun ownership tend to have greater political and civil freedom, greater economic freedom and prosperity, and much less corruption than other nations. The relationship only exists in for high-ownership countries. Countries with medium rates of gun density generally scored no better or worse than countries with the lowest levels of gun rates.
A Question of Balance. Firearms policy symposium held at the Tower of London. Available for free (registration required) at XONtv; after registration, look under "Documentaries" and then under "Snow Goose Productions. The individual speakers are in separate segments; Kopel appears in the segment on "Firearms Possession" (by "non-state actors"). Originally filmed May 1-2, 2003.
"The Human Right of Self-Defense." 22 BYU Journal of Public Law 43 (2008). David Kopel, Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. PDF.
"Human Rights and Gun Confiscation." 26 Quinnipiac Law Review 383 (2008, forthcoming). PDF. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. Examines human rights abuses in gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda, and in South Africa's quasi-confiscatory licensing law. Also provides the most complete collection ever presented of international survey data about why people in various countries own guns.
Radio Netherlands. April 21, 2007. Kopel discusses the role of guns in society, with gun control advocates from South Africa and Switzerland. Home page for the files. MP3 files (right-click them to open or save): Opening (1 minute). First segment (13:55). Second segment (20:00). Third segment (18:00).
"An International Human Right to Keep and Bear Arms," 15 William and Mary Bill of Rights Journal 983 (Feb. 2007). By Christopher J. Schmidt
Cutting Through the Fog. The role that firearms, malaria, AIDS, and kleptocracy play in development failure. America's 1st Freedom, January 2007.
"Is Resisting Genocide a Human Right?" 81 Notre Dame Law Review 1275 (2006). Conducting an in-depth study of the genocide in Darfur, Sudan, and also discussing other genocides, this article details the inadequacy of many of the international community's response to genocides, such as "targeted sanctions" or international peacekeeping forces. Examining international legal authorities such as the Genocide Convention, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the International Court of Justice, the article demonstrates that groups which are being subjected to genocide have a legal right of self-defense. International treaties, Security Council arms embargoes, or national gun control laws cannot lawfully be enforced in a manner which prevents self-defense resistance to a genocide in progress, because under international law, the prohibition against any form of complicity in genocide takes legal precedence over lesser laws. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. In PDF.
Gun Bans & Genocide: The Disarming Facts. How gun control has been used in the Darfur, Sudan genocide. Genocide and United Nations disarmament in other African countries. America's 1st Freedom, August 2006. PDF. HTML.
"Does the Right to Bear Arms Impede or Promote Economic Development?" 6 Engage 85 (2005, issue 1)(journal of The Federalist Society). With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. Using case studies from Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, this article refutes the claim of gun prohibition advocates that the presence of "small arms" is a cause of economic underdevelopment. The article also details the harmful effects of UN policy regarding malaria and AIDS in the Third World. In PDF.
Second Amendment Symposium, George Mason
University School of Law, Sept. 24, 2005
"Firearms Possession by 'Non-State Actors': the Question of Sovereignty," Texas Review of Law and Politics. 8 Texas Review of Law and Politics 373 (2004). With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. In PDF.
In their own words: Does anything need to be done to control transfers to (and misuse of weapons by) non-state actors? Short Kopel essay in a collection of several. Small Arms and Human Security Bulletin, June 2004, page 6. PDF format.
"Global Deaths from Firearms: Searching for Plausible Estimates." 8 Texas Review of Law and Politics 114 (2003). With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. PDF.
"Gun Ownership and Human Rights," Brown Journal of World Affairs (Winter/Spring 2003, vol. IX, no. 2). With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. PDF format.
"Self-Defense: The Equalizer." 15 Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy 92 (No. 4, Winter 2000). Survey of gun control polices and results in Japan, Britain, Canada, and Australia. With Linda Gorman. PDF version. Reprinted in James D. Toor, ed., Guns and Crime. At Issue (Greenhaven Pr., 2004).
Lethal Laws. Book review by Kopel in the New York Journal of International and Comparative Laws. Discusses book showing the connection between gun prohibition and genocide.
New York Law School Symposium. Kopel's symposium lecture on lessons from gun control in other nations.
(Note also, many individual countries stories have a U.N. component.) "Human Rights and Gun Confiscation." 26 Quinnipiac Law Review (no. 2, 2008, forthcoming). PDF. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. Examines human rights abuses in gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda, and in South Africa's quasi-confiscatory licensing law. Also provides the most complete collection ever presented of international survey data about why people in various countries own guns. Guns Don't Kill People, Gun Control Kills People. Uganda terrorizes its own citizens under the auspices of a UN gun control mandate. Reason Online. Feb. 23, 2007. With Joanne D. Eisen & Paul Gallant. Español. U.N. To World: You Have No Human Right to Self-Defense. Thwarted by the demise of its global gun ban treaty, the United Nations declares the human right of self-defense null and void. America's 1st Freedom, November 2006.
The United Nations versus Self-defense. Speech at the Gun Rights Policy Conference. Charlotte, N.C. Sept. 23, 2006. 16 minutes. Podcast in MP3.
The UN's New Attack on Law-abiding American Gun Owners. How the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly are moving towards declaring the absence of sufficiently repressive American laws on gun ownership and self-defense to be a violation of international human rights. The Volokh Conspiracy. Sept. 13, 2006.
The U.N. Wants Your Gun. Wall Street Journal, July 8, 2006. En français. Polski (Polish).
UN Conference Ending, Freedom Winning! The Volokh Conspiracy. July 7, 2006. (Polski/Polish translation.)
Human Rights Atrocities: The Consequences of United Nations Gun Confiscation in East Africa. By Dave Kopel, Paul Gallant, and Joanne Eisen. How U.N.-backed gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda have led to murder, torture, and arson, and have turned tens of thousands of pastoral tribespeople into starving refugees. Issue Backgrounder. In PDF. In HTML.
United Nations Gun Confiscation. Kopel discusses the international gun prohibition movement, and his new paper about human rights abuses in the gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda. Podcast in MP3.
Microdisarmament: The Consequences for Public Safety and Human Rights. UMKC Law Review (2005). With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. Examines UN-sponsored programs to disarm people in Cambodia, Bougainville, Albania, Panama, Guatemala, and Mali. In PDF.
The UN Small Arms Conference, 23 SAIS Review 319 (Winter/Spring 2003, Issue 1). In italiano.
When Policy Kills. More deadly U.N. issues. The Srebrenica massacre and the U.N.'s disarmament policies. National Review Online. Jan. 27, 2003. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. In italiano.
U.N. Out of North America. National Review Online. Aug. 9, 2001. Part five of the five-part series on the UN and Guns.
U.N. Gives Tyranny a Hand. National Review Online. Aug. 6, 2001. Part four of the five-part series on the UN and Guns.
Bypassing U.S. Voters. National Review Online. Aug. 3, 2001. Part three of the five-part series on the UN and Guns.
Gunning Against Guns. Transparency at the United Nations. National Review Online. Aug. 1, 2001. Part two of the five-part series on the UN and Guns.
Score One for Bush. A U.N. conference concludes without too much permanent damage. National Review Online. July 30, 2001. Part one of the five-part series on the UN and Guns.
blog: The United Nations vs. the Second Amendment, 7/21/08. Gun Prohibition One Country at a Time, 5/25/05.
Africa (see also individual countries)
"Human Rights and Gun Confiscation." 26 Quinnipiac Law Review 383 (2008, forthcoming). PDF. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. Examines human rights abuses in gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda, and in South Africa's quasi-confiscatory licensing law. Also provides the most complete collection ever presented of international survey data about why people in various countries own guns.
"Dhimmitude and Disarmament." 18 George Mason University Civil Rights Law Journal 305 (2008). PDF. Covers the Islamic world, from Persia to North Africa.
Radio Netherlands. April 21, 2007. Kopel discusses the role of guns in society, with gun control advocates from South Africa and Switzerland. Home page for the files. MP3 files (right-click them to open or save): Opening (1 minute). First segment (13:55). Second segment (20:00). Third segment (18:00).
Le contrôle des armes en Afrique francophone. Le 26 mai 2006 au 18 juin 2006. (Gun Control in Francophone Africa.) En français et anglais. In both French and English.
"Is Resisting Genocide a Human Right?" 81 Notre Dame Law Review 1275 (2006). Conducting an in-depth study of the genocide in Darfur, Sudan, and also discussing other genocides, this article details the inadequacy of many of the international community's response to genocides, such as "targeted sanctions" or international peacekeeping forces. Examining international legal authorities such as the Genocide Convention, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the International Court of Justice, the article demonstrates that groups which are being subjected to genocide have a legal right of self-defense. International treaties, Security Council arms embargoes, or national gun control laws cannot lawfully be enforced in a manner which prevents self-defense resistance to a genocide in progress, because under international law, the prohibition against any form of complicity in genocide takes legal precedence over lesser laws.
Arms and the Greeks. What Plato and Aristotle thought about arms control. Liberty. August 1999.
The Founders' Reading of Ancient History. Feb. 2000, Chronicles, pp. 47-48.
Asia/Pacific (not including Japan) "Dhimmitude and Disarmament." 18 George Mason University Civil Rights Law Journal 305 (2008). PDF. Covers the Islamic world, from Persia to North Africa.
The Dalai Lama’s Army. A right to self-defense is recognized by the Dalai Lama — indeed, his predecessor tried to recruit an army. National Review Online, April 5, 2007.
Follow the Leader. Israel and Thailand set an example by arming teachers. Russia should follow, to prevent more hostage-taking in schools. National Review Online. Sept. 3, 2004.
Lions vs. Tigers. The precarious state of Sri Lanka. National Review Online. Mar. 3, 2004. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen.
China Tallies Our Rights Record. The U.S. and guns, according to them. National Review Online. Feb. 25, 2002.
Birth of a Nation. What East Timor and the U.S. have in common. And what they don’t. National Review Online. Mar. 12, 2002. With Paul Gallant & Joanne Eisen.
Little Island that Roared. The story of Bougainville, and gun prohibition. National Review Online. Feb. 6, 2002. With Paul Gallant & Joanne Eisen.
Arms in the Celestial Kingdom. Dave Kopel investigates what Confucius had to say about bearing arms. From Liberty magazine.
Solomon Says. The madness of civilian disarmament in the South Pacific. National Review Online. Nov. 27, 2000. With Drs. Paul Gallant & Joanne Eisen.
Who Needs Guns? Lessons from Down Under. Chronicles, Oct. 2003. Gun confiscation in Australia. PDF file.
Off Target. A 1989 college shooting in Montreal incited a $2 billion Canadian long gun registry. Seventeen years later, another Montreal college shooting mocks the failed registry. America's 1st Freedom. January 2007.
Cana-cerous. After a decade of failure, Canada is taking steps to infect the rest of the world with its costly gun-banning schemes. America's 1st Freedom, Dec. 2005. PDF.
Disaster Up North. Gun-control laws run amuck, with a billion dollar cost overrun in the gun registry. National Review Online. Dec. 12, 2002. With Gary Mauser. En français.
Canadian Gun Control. 1991 Temple International and Comparative Law Journal.
Civil Disobedience in Canada. National Review Online. Aug. 2, 2000. With Drs. Paul Gallant & Joanne Eisen. En français.
How Firearms Registration Works. It doesn't, in Canada. National Review Online. Dec. 7, 2000. With Gary Mauser. En français.
The Hidden Agenda Behind Gun Storage Laws. As demonstrated in Canada and Great Britain, such laws are used to make home defense impossible The American Guardian. 1997.
The Failure of Canadian Gun Control. The American Rifleman. Sept. 1988.
blog: One-stop Shopping for Gun Thieves, 3/20/06. Marc Lepine 3/15/06. Canadian Government to Ban Handguns, 12/8/05. Ban on the word "gun" in spelling books, 2/11/03.
When Policy Kills. More deadly U.N. issues. The Srebrenica massacre and the U.N.'s disarmament policies. National Review Online. Jan. 27, 2003. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. In italiano.
As Goes Moldova... Threats to civil liberty, including gun registration. With Dennis Polhill. National Review Online. Sept. 11, 2000.
Communist Gun Control. By David B. Kopel. Gun control in Rumania and the rest of the Warsaw Pact. In italiano.
Ethiopia The Other War in Ethiopia. Tech Central Station. Dec. 29, 2006. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. The destruction of the disarmed Anuak people of southwestern Ethiopia.
Hitler’s Control. The gun control lessons of Nazi history. National Review Online. May 22, 2003. With Richard Griffiths. In italiano. En français.
blog: Kristallnacht and Arms Control, 11/9/05.
A Critique of Home Office Research Study 298 of 2006, Gun Crime: The
market in and use of illegal firearms. By Colin Greenwood. April 2007. A
careful dissection of a deeply flawed British government study promoting
more repressive laws against gun owners, notwithstanding the failures of
previous laws. "The Gold Standard of Gun Control," Journal of Law, Economics & Policy. (2007). Book review of Joyce Malcolm's "Guns and Violence: The English Experience." In PDF. In HTML. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen.
British gun controls and the quasi-independence of some small islands. 1/23/06.
The Scottish and English Religious Roots of the American Right to Arms: Buchanan, Rutherford, Locke, Sidney, and the Duty to Overthrow Tyranny, 12 Bridges 291 (nos. 3/4, Fall/Winter 2005).
Defending the Home. MSNBC.com, Dec. 6, 2004. Home defense against burglary in Great Britain, the fox-hunting ban, and the Civil Contingencies Act.
The British Gun Closet. Slowly, the country is learning the hard way. National Review Online. May 14, 2003. In italiano.
Malcolm in the Middle. Falling victim to bogus critics. National Review Online. Sept. 16, 2002. Has Joyce Malcolm's research on the history of English gun rights been "discredited"?
Mad Cows, Madder Government. National Review Online. June 12, 2001. With Paul Gallant and Joanne Eisen.
It Isn't About Duck Hunting: The British Origins of the Right to Keep and Bear Arms. In-depth review of Joyce Malcolm's book To Keep and Bear Arms: The Origins of an Anglo-American Right. 93 Michigan Law Review 1333 (1995).
Lost Battles, Lost Rights. How the British lost their right to arms in the twentieth century, by imposing one "reasonable" law on another, until the right was extinguished.
All the Way Down the Slippery Slope: Gun Prohibition in England and Some Lessons for Civil Liberties in America. By Dave Kopel & Joseph Olson. Hamline Law Review (1999). Alternative html layout, for easier reading. PDF version also available.
Fear in Britain. They have no guns — so they have a lot of crime. National Review Online. July 18, 2000. With Drs. Paul Gallant & Joanne Eisen. This article was cited in a letter which 18 state Attorneys General wrote to U.S. Attorney General John Ashcroft commending his recognition of the Second Amendment as an individual right.
blog: Banning Kitchen Knives, 5/27/05. Police instructions about not resisting criminals, 5/15/03.
Hungarian Weapons Law of May 2004. English translation and explanation, plus Hungarian text.
India blog: Bellicose Women, Part XXIX, India,10/14/05.
Iraq blog: Guns and Iraqi civilians, 4/21/03.
To Your Tents, O Israel! The history of ancient kingdom of Israel, and how the people created a strong central government for national security, but then found that their own liberties were endangered by that government. And the lessons that the American colonists and Founders drew from Israel's experience. Liberty, April 2007. PDF.
Follow the Leader. Israel and Thailand set an example by arming teachers. Russia should follow, to prevent more hostage-taking in schools. National Review Online. Sept. 3, 2004.
A Rich Tradition. Jewish war lessons. National Review Online. Dec. 5, 2002.
blog: Global gun prohibition lobby urges ban on arms sales to Israel, 10/17/06. Armed Israeli teacher stops terrorist attack on high school, 5/29/02. Israeli gun sales soar after shoe salesman shoots Palestinian terrorist in restaurant, 4/7/02. Suicide bomber flees Karkur after being confronted by armed citizen, 3/11/02.
Why is this Woman Smiling? Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest painters of all time, also contributed to society something far more valuable than the Mona Lisa--the first self-igniting firearm. America's 1st Freedom, Oct. 2005. PDF. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen.
Getting with It. Italians move toward protecting self-defense. National Review Online. May 7, 2002. With Carlo Stagnaro.
Gianni, Get Your Gun. The surprising emergence of gun rights in Italy. Chronicles. Dec. 2001. With Carlo Stagnaro.
Jamaica Farewell. The consequences of gun prohibition. National Review Online. Sept. 10, 2001. With Paul Gallant and Joanne Eisen.
Jamaican War Zone. An island of intoxicative beauty? Try again, mon. With Dr. Paul Gallant, & Dr. Joanne Eisen. National Review Online. Oct. 30, 2000
Japanese Gun Control. 1993 Asia-Pacific Law Review. Español.
Gun Control and People Control in Japan. By Richard Griffiths. The Yoshi Hattori shooting, and Japan's efforts to impose gun prohibition on the United States.
An Open Letter to the People of Japan (gun prohibition). Liberty, May 2000. By Dave Kopel.
Japan: Gun Control and People Control. The American Rifleman. Dec. 1988.
Jordan blog: Bellicose Women, Part XXX, 10/14/05.
Kenya "Human Rights and Gun Confiscation." 26 Quinnipiac Law Review 383 (2008, forthcoming). PDF. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. Examines human rights abuses in gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda, and in South Africa's quasi-confiscatory licensing law. Also provides the most complete collection ever presented of international survey data about why people in various countries own guns.
United Nations Gun Confiscation. Kopel discusses the international gun prohibition movement, and his new paper about human rights abuses in the gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda. Podcast in MP3.
Human Rights Atrocities: The Consequences of United Nations Gun Confiscation in East Africa. By Dave Kopel, Paul Gallant, and Joanne Eisen. How U.N.-backed gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda have led to murder, torture, and arson, and have turned tens of thousands of pastoral tribespeople into starving refugees. Issue Backgrounder. In PDF. In HTML.
Kuwait blog: Kuwaiti Gun Control, 11/18/05.
Mali Up in Flames. Mali's gun show. National Review Online. Dec. 5, 2003. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen.
Gun laws of Mexico. Entry from Guns in American Society: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, Culture, and the Law. Español: Leyes del Arme de México.
A Moriori Lesson. A brief history of pacifism. National Review Online. Apr. 11, 2003. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen.
Philippines blog: Armed citizens against terrorist kidnappers, 3/10/02.
"Armed Resistance to the Holocaust." 19 Journal of Firearms & Public Policy 144 (2007). Final version in PDF. Earlier version in HTML. Earlier version in Polish/Polski.
Armed Jews Week. The Jews who fought the Nazis embodied the spirit of Hanukkah. MSNBC.com, Dec. 9, 2004.
Radio Netherlands. April 21, 2007. Kopel discusses the role of guns in society, with gun control advocates from South Africa and Switzerland. Home page for the files. MP3 files (right-click them to open or save): Opening (1 minute). First segment (13:55). Second segment (20:00). Third segment (18:00).
Swiss Mess: Homeland defense, the wrong way. Gun control forces attempt to exploit the September murder. National Review Online. Oct. 30, 2001. With Stephen Halbrook & Carlo Stagnaro. In italiano.
Book review of Target Switzerland. The American Enterprise magazine.
The Swiss and Their Guns. By Dave Kopel and Stephen D'Andrilli. American Rifleman, Feb. 1990. (Entered in full into the Congressional Record by N.H. Rep. Dick Bass.)
Stephen Halbrook, author of the book Target Switzerland: Swiss Armed Neutrality in World War II, writes a letter to the editor of the New York Times Book Review, defending democratic Switzerland and its citizen militia, and their anti-Nazi policies during World War II. Read Stephen Halbrook's lecture which he delivers at bookstore signings.
South Africa "Human Rights and Gun Confiscation." 26 Quinnipiac Law Review 383 (2008, forthcoming). PDF. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. Examines human rights abuses in gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda, and in South Africa's quasi-confiscatory licensing law. Also provides the most complete collection ever presented of international survey data about why people in various countries own guns.
South African Stupidity. Disarming the citizenry is not the answer. National Review Online. Oct. 11, 2000.With Paul Gallant & Joanne Eisen.
Sudan "Is Resisting Genocide a Human Right?" 81 Notre Dame Law Review 1275 (2006). Conducting an in-depth study of the genocide in Darfur, Sudan, and also discussing other genocides, this article details the inadequacy of many of the international community's response to genocides, such as "targeted sanctions" or international peacekeeping forces. Examining international legal authorities such as the Genocide Convention, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the International Court of Justice, the article demonstrates that groups which are being subjected to genocide have a legal right of self-defense. International treaties, Security Council arms embargoes, or national gun control laws cannot lawfully be enforced in a manner which prevents self-defense resistance to a genocide in progress, because under international law, the prohibition against any form of complicity in genocide takes legal precedence over lesser laws. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. In PDF.
Gun Bans & Genocide: The Disarming Facts. How gun control has been used in the Darfur, Sudan genocide. Genocide and United Nations disarmament in other African countries. America's 1st Freedom, August 2006. PDF. HTML.
Avoiding Genocide. The right to bear arms could have saved Sudan. National Review Online. Aug. 18, 2004. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen.
Uganda We're from the Government, and We're Here to Help You. The Ugandan government perpetrates ethnocide against the Karamajong tribes, under the pretext of gun control. America's 1st Freedom. Jan. 2008. HTML.
"Human Rights and Gun Confiscation." 26 Quinnipiac Law Review 383 (2008, forthcoming). PDF. With Paul Gallant & Joanne D. Eisen. Examines human rights abuses in gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda, and in South Africa's quasi-confiscatory licensing law. Also provides the most complete collection ever presented of international survey data about why people in various countries own guns.
Guns Don't Kill People, Gun Control Kills People. Uganda terrorizes its own citizens under the auspices of a UN gun control mandate. Reason Online. Feb. 23, 2007. With Joanne D. Eisen & Paul Gallant.
United Nations Gun Confiscation. Kopel discusses the international gun prohibition movement, and his new paper about human rights abuses in the gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda. Podcast in MP3.
Human Rights Atrocities: The Consequences of United Nations Gun Confiscation in East Africa. By Dave Kopel, Paul Gallant, and Joanne Eisen. How U.N.-backed gun confiscation programs in Kenya and Uganda have led to murder, torture, and arson, and have turned tens of thousands of pastoral tribespeople into starving refugees. Issue Backgrounder. In PDF. In HTML.
Disarming Uganda. International gun-control nonsense. National Review Online. Dec. 11, 2002. With Paul Gallant & Joanne Eisen.
Blog: Guns and the liberation of women, 4/21/03.
Zimbabwe Ripe for Genocide. Zimbabwe. National Review Online. Feb. 13, 2001. With Paul Gallant & Joanne Eisen.
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